The Construction and Application of Functional Indexes of Colleges and Universities in the Development of Sports Industry — Analysis Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method

To clarify the utility of colleges and universities to help the development of sports industry, and to evaluate the degree of utility in promoting the sports industry in colleges and universities, is the effective way to further promote the development of sports industry in colleges and universities. Many kinds of methods and theories are used to evaluate the function of the development of sports industry in colleges and universities, for instance: WSR methods and theories; the function evaluation index which is constructed with the experts’ advice; the Analytic Hierarchy Process which can be used to assign a weigh to each index; and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation method(FCE). The main conclusions are as follows: This method can solve the problem of weight distribution, which can help to find out the leading factors in promoting the development of sports industry; Through the empirical analysis, it is helpful to solve the ambiguity and uncertainty of the evaluation process, and realize the objective evaluation of the university to promote the development of the sports industry.


INTRODUCTION
In recent years, the development of sports industry has become a national hot topic, especially the document of "State Council on accelerating the development of sports industry to promote sports consumption of a number of opinions" comes out.The reforms with an unprecedented intensity, reflects the Party and Government attaching great importance to the development of sports industry.The development of sports industry requires not only national policy support, but also the positive response of various sectors of society.As a key department to promote social development, colleges and universities should give full play to their own advantages to promote the development of sports industry.Teaching staff in colleges and universities will have important driving force in the development of sports industry, training sports management, creative design and intermediary and other D.-B.Wang & W.-J. Lu / Colleges and Universities in the Development of Sports Industry 6028 professionals.Scientific research is intangible asset which can promote the development of sports industry in colleges and universities, especially sports colleges and universities play an important role in high-end sports equipment development and brand innovation.Sports consumption to promote the development of sports industry is the fundamental and cornerstone is the need for enough people, colleges and universities have a huge student consumer groups, will undoubtedly have a profound impact on the development of sports industry.To a certain extent, colleges and universities to promote the development of sports industry, also related to the promotion of the national economy.

State of the literature
Domestic scholars have made in-depth study around the question of promoting the development of sports industry in colleges and universities.
• Gai Yancheng (2015) thinks that colleges and universities have two important resources to promote the development of sports industry, sports population and sports stadiums.Physical education in Colleges and universities to enable college students to enhance the ability of sports consumption, but also to promote the awareness of sports consumption of College students.These factors have a great role in promoting the economic development of sports industry.
• Zhong Tianlang (2013) thinks that colleges and universities should be from the characteristics of sports industry and the characteristics of disciplines, based on good job disciplines, specialties, curriculum, teaching materials, teaching research and practice link, for China's sports industry training and create all kinds of business and management personnel.
• Chen Hong (2013) raise that in the transformation path of China's sports industry scientific and technological achievements, we must strengthen the integration of universities and research institutes path, colleges and universities should give full play to the leading role of science and technology.
• Zheng Hanshan (2012) pointed out that colleges and universities should focus on the development of sports and cultural industries, supplemented by other sports industries, and the formation of social sports industry complementary advantages, common and harmonious development, building a highly competitive sports industry development model.• Zhang Jianbin (2012) proposed colleges and universities should strengthen the cultivation of marketoriented business personnel and research efforts to promote the development of sports industry.• Feng Wenzhong (2008) pointed out the lack of talent in sports industry has become the bottleneck of the development of sports industry.Colleges and universities should take up the important task of cultivating sports talents and promote the innovation and development of sports economy and education.• Chen Qiuli (2008) proposed that colleges and universities should make full use of a large number of excellent physical education teachers' resources, so that teachers participate in the guide to the ranks of the scientific and technical people, to provide scientific guidance for mass sports consumption.

Contribution of this paper to the literature
• In summary, the domestic scholars of the study focused on qualitative aspects, and the specific design of the functional indicators of the development of sports industry, the determination of the weight of each index and the empirical analysis of quantitative analysis is few.
• Based on the combination of qualitative and quantitative research, this paper tries to construct the functional evaluation index system of the university in the development of sports industry by means of WSR methodology, and uses the analytic hierarchy process to quantify the index weight.
• Based on the results of AHP Evaluation method to carry out effective analysis of the survey data, and strive for colleges and universities to promote the development of sports industry, to provide a reference for the effectiveness of the evaluation.

Analysis of University Function Index based on WSR Theory
• WSR theory is the abbreviation of "physics, affairs and human science methodology".The theory is proposed by Chinese system scientist Professor Gu Jifa and Dr. Zhu Zhichang.The method has the systematic thinking of oriental philosophy.It is a tool to solve specific and complicated problems, and plays an extremely important role in people's production and life.The function of colleges and universities in the development of sports industry is composed of a series of factors, which will be introduced into the process of primary function of colleges and universities, and it will contribute to the comprehensiveness, scientificity and rationality of index system construction.• W (physical) mainly refers to the university to promote the development of sports industry related material facilities, including venues, venues and sports equipment and so on.The development of sports industry is inseparable from the related sports material facilities, with the rapid development of China's sports industry, college sports venues construction faster.In accordance with the relevant provisions of the education sector, the college sports venues and equipment must be equipped with more perfect, according to the 2014 national sports venues census results show that the education sector has 38.98% of the country's sports venues; Site area accounted for 53.01% of the country.If nonteaching time organized to the outside world, to attract the community to the school for sports consumption, which is not only conducive to the increase in social sports space, also conducive to the development of sports industry economy.• S (affair) refers to the rules and regulations implemented by promoting the development of sports industry in colleges and universities, including the disciplinary planning of sports industry and sports industry science and technology development and promotion, the construction of campus sports culture.Subject construction and talent training has a great relationship with the development of China's sports industry, college sports industry subjects planning and programs by the departments concerned attach great importance.According to incomplete statistics, there are hundreds of disciplines of sports industry in colleges and universities, including doctors, masters and undergraduate levels of training.These sports industry disciplines of professional planning, both to promote the development of sports industry provide a multi-level talent, but also to promote the construction of sports industry in China and development.In the university sports industry science and technology research and development, transformation and promotion, and gradually establish a university and sports industry disciplines related to the research center, these research centers are set up specialized research institutions, held academic nature of the exchange meeting, participation in theoretical and empirical research, Accelerate the production of a large number of influential research results, highly concerned by the community.Sports culture plays an important role in the development of sports industry, and infiltrates the whole process of its development, colleges and universities through the campus sports culture festival, sports events, sports industry culture research, high level sports team construction and other programs to fully enhance Colleges and universities on the sports culture and the succession of space, and then to promote the development of sports industry functions.• R (human) refers to promoting the development of sports industry in colleges and universities relating to human resources, including the physical education major in colleges and universities teachers and non-teachers and a large group of students majoring in physical education.Colleges and universities gathered a large number of high titles, highly educated, highly skilled sports teachers and researchers, in the teaching process, they can cultivate a large number of sports industry-related disciplines of outstanding students.In the face of the sports industry market, they have a solid professional knowledge, high-strength thinking ability and a wide range of social activities, if actively into the development of the sports industry market, the sports industry can make outstanding contributions to the development.Due to the rapid development of China's sports industry in recent years, a large number of non-sports teachers have joined them, such as finance and economics university teachers have also put into the sports industry theoretical research.This is reflected in the development of sports for the sports industry to provide a large number of "think tank".With the implementation of college enrollment system in China, college students have become increasingly large groups, some studies have shown that the current economic capacity of college students to enhance the high consumption of sports, consumer attitudes tend to diversify, especially in sports fitness is particularly prominent.Therefore, colleges and universities for the development of sports industry provide favorable and huge potential human resources.

The Construction of the Evaluation Index System of the Function of Sports Industry in Colleges and Universities
Scientific social index system should be based on different research objectives and objectives of the object, the objective of the existence of a number of indicators to be classified and combined.Based on the utility function of the university in the development of sports industry, this paper takes five primary and 20 secondary indicators as the experimental preselected index set based on the literature review, the expert visit and the field investigation.Using the Delphi method to investigate the relevant experts, after two rounds of expert advice, expert consensus rate of 90% or more (Table 1), and ultimately built a four-level indicator and 14 secondary indicators Evaluation Index System of University Function.The target layer (A layer) of the index system is the comprehensive evaluation of the function of the university in the sports industry.The main level (B layer) includes the contents of economic utility, the effect of sports culture communication, the teaching effectiveness of college teachers, the promotion of science and technology , Sub-quasi layer (C layer) is 14 specific utility evaluation indicators (Table 2).

Constructing Judgment Matrix by Analytic Hierarchy Process
American analytical scientist T. L. Satty proposed the analytic hierarchy process, which is a combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, the qualitative problem into quantitative practical decisionmaking method, through the analysis of a number of subordinate indicators on the same The impact of the superior indicators, so as to determine the weight of the evaluation index.According to the research needs, select the relevant field of experts 15 people (college sports industry research in the field of six people, of which four have a doctorate; sports management field of two people, one of whom has a doctorate; 4 administrative departments of the university, including three levels of leadership at the district level, level leadership 1; Sports General Administration 3) to investigate.According to the 1-9 scale method (Table 3), the factors were compared with each other, and the weight distribution of the judgment matrix was constructed according to the average of 15 experts.Construct the first-order index (B-layer) judgment matrix A; construct the secondary index (C layer) judgment matrix A1, A2, A3, A4.The details as follows:

Consistency Test of Judgment Matrix and Establishment of Function Index Weight
In view of the complexity of the functions of universities and colleges in the development of sports industry, people also have some subjectivity in understanding.In order to ensure the validity of the judgment matrix and reflect the relative importance of each index scientifically, it is necessary to test the consistency of the judgment matrix.Taking the consistency test of judgment matrix by using the formula "CR=CI/RI", where CR is called the random consistency ratio; and CI=(λmax-n)/n-1 is the judgment matrix consistency index value, λmax is the largest eigenvalue of the judgment matrix; RI is obtained by repeating the calculation of the eigenvalues of the random judgment matrix multiple times, The mean random consistency index (Table 4) was calculated for 1000 times from 1 to 15-dimensional matrices.When CR = CI / RI <0.01, it is considered that the judgment matrix has satisfactory consistency, otherwise it needs to adjust the judgment matrix to make it have satisfactory consistency.i compared with j , i and j are equally important 3 i compared with j , i and j are slightly important 5 i compared with j , i and j are significantly important 9 i compared with j , i and j are extremely important 2,4,6,8 for the above importance ranged from 1,3,5,7,9 1,1/2,…,1/9 contrary to the above description λmax and W are calculated using the power law, and the method of law and square root.The maximum characteristic root of the judgment matrix A is calculated as λmax = 4.210, CIA = (λmax-n) /n-1=0.070,RIA = 0.89, and the criterion of consistency judgment is obtained: CR = CI / RI = 0.078 < 0.10, indicating that the consistency test passed, that is, the index weight distribution is reasonable.
Similarly, the maximum characteristic root λmax = 3.009 and CRA1 = 0.010 < 0.10 of the judgment matrix A1 are obtained, and the matrix consistency test is passed; The maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix A2 is λmax = 4.248, CRA2 = 0.093 < 0.10, and the matrix consistency test is passed; The maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix A3 is λmax = 4.170, = 0.064 < 0.10, and the matrix consistency check is passed; The maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix A4 is λmax = 3.108, CRA4 = 0.093 < 0.10, and the matrix consistency check is passed.Therefore, A, A1, A2, A3, A4 weight distribution is reasonable.

AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON FUZZY COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION
Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is based on the principle of fuzzy mathematics, the application of the principle of fuzzy relationship synthesis, some marginal unclear, easy to quantify the quantitative factors, from a number of factors to assess the status of the subordinate level of a comprehensive evaluation of the method.On the basis of the analytic hierarchy process, the results of the empirical investigation are evaluated by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.Concrete steps: through the calculation of the index weight; on-site empirical investigation; to build a single factor fuzzy evaluation matrix; fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.

Questionnaire Production and Investigation
In this paper, the evaluation of the utility of the function of colleges and universities in the development of sports industry is carried out mainly through questionnaire and expert discussion.According to the author's "Scale of Indicators System for the Development of Sports Industry in Colleges and Universities", the reliability and validity of the scale were proved by exploratory factor analysis and empirical analysis.The weights of the relevant indicators were determined by expert survey.Application of the Likert 5 scale for the application of measurement, the use of on-site send and receive questionnaire 140 copies (Including Hubei Province, some colleges and universities related to the leadership of 16 people; including 985,211 and ordinary colleges and universities; sports industry experts 29; 60 sports industry teachers; students on behalf of 35 people).Recovering questionnaires 137, 125 is valid, 89.3% efficiency.The main discussion invited experts from universities and government departments.

Construct a Set of Evaluation Factors
The evaluation factor set is a collection of the various factors of the evaluation object.Through the construction of sports industry in the construction of functional indicators system to determine the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the factors set.

Set the Rating Level Domain
The rating hierarchy is a collection of evaluation levels.The questionnaire of functional evaluation in the development of sports industry is divided into five measurement grades according to the characteristics of the utility factors, which are very important, important, important, and less important.Composition comment set V = (v1, v2, v3, v4, v5).In order to quantify the convenience of calculation, in turn assigned to 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 (Table 5).

The Determination of Single Factor Fuzzy Judgment Matrix
Based on the judgment criteria, this paper constructs a fuzzy evaluation matrix R for the set of evaluation factors U.According to the five-level semantic scale used in the measurement, the function evaluation index of the university in the development of the sports industry is quantified.Based on the construction method of the single factor evaluation matrix, the field survey data is constructed into matrix, and the single factor fuzzy judgment matrix R, R1, R2, R3, R4.The scores of each column in the matrix show that the evaluation of the utility of the university in the sports industry is from the evaluation index.

CONCLUSION
This paper constructs the function index system of the university in the development of the sports industry.The target layer of the index system is the evaluation of the utility function of the university in the sports industry.The main level includes the economic power utility, the effectiveness of sports and cultural communication, college teachers to lead the effectiveness of science and technology to promote the effectiveness of four aspects of content.The secondary level is 14 specific utility evaluation indicators.And the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to analyze the utility indexes, which can solve the distribution of the weights of each utility index.Through the Table 2 shows the weight vector of 14 secondary indicators, we can found the sports industry personnel training, the campus sports culture festival, participate in the sports industry development, the university sports industry science and technology transformation is the leading factor in promoting the development of sports industry in colleges and universities, and also the advantage of colleges and universities in promoting the development of sports industry.
Based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, taking Hubei University as an example, this paper evaluates the utility function of the university in the development of sports industry.Although the evaluation result is at the "more important" level (V = 3.867), the evaluation value is close to the left end of "more important", just over the "important" level, which shows that the development of sports industry in the effectiveness of the degree of education is not very good, need to further enhance.From the analysis of the data level, and the development of sports industry in Hubei Province, the results of the survey and the interview is basically the same, with a better description of the results.From the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation score of the four primary index system, the score of the teacher's leading function is 3.458, and the score of the economic utility is 3.177.The results show that the colleges and universities in Hubei Province, under the background of the development of sports industry, strengthen the construction of teaching staff in colleges and universities, improve and optimize the structure of PE teachers, give full play to the functions of teachers in colleges and universities, this results are highly matched with expert interviews.While the economic utility of the lowest score, indicating that some colleges and universities in non-teaching time, for sports venues and other public sports facilities is not always opened, especially in attracting the community to the school sports consumption level to be strengthened.
In general, through the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the utility function of sports industry in the development of sports industry can be found in colleges and universities to promote the development of sports industry, to solve the evaluation process of ambiguity, can provide a reference for the scientific and reasonable promotion of sports industry.
U1, U2, U3, U4) =｛Economic utility, sports culture communication effect, teacher leading utility, science and technology to promote the effectiveness} U1 = (U11, U12, U13) = (The number of students 'consumer groups, the awareness of students' consumption, and the material facilities of colleges and universities); U2 = (U21, U22，U23，U24) = (Organize the campus sports culture festival, undertake large-scale sports events, sports industry culture research, high-level sports team construction); U3 = (U31, U32, U33, U34) = (Sports industry personnel training, sports industry discipline planning and professional design, to guide the people of science and fitness, to participate in sports industry development); U4 = (U41, U42, U43) = (University sports industry technology research and development, university sports industry science and technology transformation, university sports industry project promotion).

Table 1 .
Expert Advice Form

Table 2 .
Function Index and Weight of Universities in the Development of Sports Industry

Table 3 .
Judgment Matrix Scale and Its Meanings Scales Meanings 1

Table 5 .
Quantitative Standard for Functional Evaluation of Higher Education in Sports Industry , which indicates that the evaluation of college utility in the development of sports industry is at the "more important" level, which belongs to evaluation score E2. 4 level indicators in the economic utility, the effectiveness of sports and cultural communication, college teachers to lead the effectiveness of science and technology to promote the effectiveness of comprehensive evaluation are in the "important" level, belonging to the evaluation score E3.Ranking as follows: Teacher-led Utility> Sports Culture Communication Utility> Technology to Promote Utility> Economic utility.