Bridging biotechnology and sustainability: An inquiry-based STEM activity using enzyme-assisted pectin extraction
Bakhytzhan Temirkhan 1 * , Kalampyr Zhumagulova 1 , Tolegen Dosmail 2 , Assem Abiltayeva 3 , Massimzhan Velyamov 4
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1 Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, KAZAKHSTAN2 Kazakh National Women’s Pedagogical University, Almaty, KAZAKHSTAN3 Almaty Humanitarian-Economic University, Almaty, KAZAKHSTAN4 Kazakh Research Institute of Processing and Food Industry, Almaty, KAZAKHSTAN* Corresponding Author

Abstract

The growing emphasis on integrated STEM education and education for sustainable development calls for authentic classroom experiences that connect biotechnology, quantitative reasoning, and real-world environmental issues. This study presents and examines an inquiry-based instructional activity in which students conducted enzyme-assisted pectin extraction from carrot pomace within a food waste valorization framework. Implemented in a regular classroom setting, the activity was designed to engage students in authentic scientific practices, including experimental design, data collection, quantitative analysis, and evidence-based interpretation. Student worksheets which included calculations, graphical outputs, and written reflections, were analyzed to evaluate procedural feasibility, STEM skill development, and conceptual understanding of enzyme function. Findings indicate that students were able to successfully perform the biotechnology procedure under typical classroom constraints while demonstrating meaningful engagement with data literacy, graphing, and experimental reasoning. Hands-on interaction with visible biochemical outcomes appeared to reduce the abstractness of enzyme concepts and support deeper understanding. Importantly, situating the activity within a sustainability context promoted environmental awareness and showed the value of waste-to-value thinking. The study contributes a practical and promising classroom model that bridges biotechnology instruction, integrated STEM practices, and sustainability education. Implications for classroom implementation and future research are discussed.

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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Article Type: Research Article

EURASIA J Math Sci Tech Ed, Volume 22, Issue 10, October 2026, Article No: em2932

https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/19422

Publication date: 26 Sep 2026

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