Examining the cognitive structure of elementary school students regarding science, energy sources, and health using the word association method
Zoltán Tóth 1 2 *
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1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, HUNGARY2 MTA-DE Early Science Learning Research Group, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, HUNGARY* Corresponding Author

Abstract

We explored the cognitive structure of students in grade 1-grade 4 using word association in three topics (science, energy sources, and health) with six-six keywords (stimulus words) per topic. Based on the common associations given to the stimulus words, we calculated the relatedness coefficient for the stimulus word pairs. This was used to draw a cognitive structure, the conceptual network, characteristic of each group of learners. We found that the verbal version of the word association test is suitable for studying the cognitive structure of young schoolchildren. The typical conceptual network of the student groups shows a strong correlation with the knowledge structure of experts in grade 4 (in all three topics), as well as in grade 1 and grade 3 (in the topic of health). Using word association tests, we have been able to demonstrate that the number and strength of connections in the conceptual networks for groups of learners increases with the learners’ grade and their everyday experience of the topic.

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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Article Type: Research Article

EURASIA J Math Sci Tech Ed, Volume 20, Issue 7, July 2024, Article No: em2479

https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/14763

Publication date: 01 Jul 2024

Online publication date: 26 Jun 2024

Article Views: 477

Article Downloads: 251

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