How to fit identities? A systematic review about scientific education from a gender perspective
Desirée García-Durán 1 * , Alicia Fernández-Oliveras 2 , Carolina Martín-Gámez 1
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1 Faculty of Education, University of Malaga, Malaga, SPAIN2 Faculty of Education, University of Granada, Granada, SPAIN* Corresponding Author

Abstract

Addressing the gender gap in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education has become a critical focus in recent years, emphasizing the need for gender-sensitive teaching approaches from the early stages. We conducted a systematic literature review of studies published up to September 2022, focusing on methodological guidelines for incorporating a gender perspective in primary science and engineering education. A total of 104 articles were analyzed, identifying six emerging topics: the formation of student identity and their perceptions of scientific-engineering fields, students’ attitudes towards science and engineering, potential differences in science skills between girls and boys; emotional performance in learning scientific-engineering subjects, and factors influencing the non-election of scientific-engineering subjects and studies. The findings show that implementing activities based on engineering practices in primary education has great potential to enhance the interest, participation, and self-concept of students of both genders, thereby promoting diversity and addressing the gender gap in STEM fields.

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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Article Type: Review Article

EURASIA J Math Sci Tech Ed, Volume 21, Issue 12, December 2025, Article No: em2749

https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/17501

Publication date: 03 Dec 2025

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