Teachers’ beliefs in context: A factor and cluster analytic study of open lessons in Kazakhstan
Nailya Rakhmetova 1 , Samat Maxutov 1 * , Aigerim Sagynbayeva 1 , Akniyet Issain 1 , Nursultan Japashov 1 2 3
More Detail
1 School of Education and Humanities, SDU University, Kaskelen, KAZAKHSTAN2 Department of Educational Theory and Practice, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA3 Faculty of Physics and Technology, Farabi University, Almaty, KAZAKHSTAN* Corresponding Author

Abstract

Teacher beliefs play a central role in how professional development (PD) shapes classroom practice. The open lesson (OL), a long-standing mandatory PD practice in Kazakhstan and other post-Soviet contexts, involves teachers conducting observed classes before colleagues and administrators. Using a three-stage sequential design, this study investigated the structure, characteristics, and demographic correlates of OL beliefs among 218 secondary school teachers in Kazakhstan. Exploratory factor analysis identified three correlated belief dimensions – professional growth, professional collaboration, and perceived student benefit – accounting for 65% of total variance. Cluster analysis revealed three teacher profiles: skeptical (9.6%), moderately positive (38.6%), and highly enthusiastic (51.8%) teachers. Gender, age, and teaching experience did not significantly differentiate beliefs. A significant difference in perceived student benefit was found between teachers of natural sciences (physics, chemistry, and biology combined) and teachers of other subjects (p = .015). The near-absence of demographic moderation suggests that OL’s cultural embeddedness produces convergent belief patterns regardless of professional background.

License

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Article Type: Research Article

EURASIA J Math Sci Tech Ed, Volume 22, Issue 11, November 2026, Article No: em2950

https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/19667

Publication date: 25 Oct 2026

Article Views: 12

Article Downloads: 11

Open Access References How to cite this article