Abstract
Geometry is a foundational domain of mathematics, particularly in early childhood education, where it supports the development of spatial reasoning and conceptual understanding. Effective early geometry instruction requires teachers to possess well-developed geometric reasoning aligned with learners’ developmental levels. This study examines the geometric reasoning levels of 30 early childhood student teachers enrolled in a Bachelor of Education program at a university in the United Arab Emirates, using the van Hiele theory of geometric thinking as the analytical framework. Data were collected through a 150-item early geometry terminology test assessing level 1-level 3 (visualization, analysis, and informal deduction). Descriptive statistics revealed that student teachers achieved the highest mean scores at level 1 (mean [M] = 65.2, standard deviation [SD] = 21.8), followed by level 2 (M = 62.9, SD = 14.1), with the lowest performance at level 3 (M = 54.9, SD = 11.2). Performance declined progressively across van Hiele levels, consistent with the hierarchical nature of geometric reasoning. No statistically significant differences were observed across years of study. The findings highlight persistent gaps in higher-order geometric reasoning among prospective early childhood teachers and emphasize the need for sustained, theory-driven instructional interventions in teacher education programs to strengthen early geometry teaching and learning. This study contributes to early geometry and teacher education research by demonstrating the diagnostic value of the van Hiele framework for identifying conceptual gaps that persist across years of study.
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Article Type: Research Article
EURASIA J Math Sci Tech Ed, Volume 22, Issue 4, April 2026, Article No: em2809
https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/18154
Publication date: 01 Apr 2026
Online publication date: 18 Mar 2026
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