Early geometry teaching and learning: An analysis of early childhood student teachers’ geometric reasoning through the van Hiele framework
Mariam Saif Bal Asl Aldhaheri 1 , Maryam Ahmed Shaqraa 1 , Latifa Muhair Sari Alketbi 1 , Aishah Yousuf Abdulla Al Ali 1 , Reem Baryaa Al Ghailani 1 , Jogymol Kalariparampil Alex 1 *
More Detail
1 Department of Learning and Educational Leadership, College of Education, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE* Corresponding Author

Abstract

Geometry is a foundational domain of mathematics, particularly in early childhood education, where it supports the development of spatial reasoning and conceptual understanding. Effective early geometry instruction requires teachers to possess well-developed geometric reasoning aligned with learners’ developmental levels. This study examines the geometric reasoning levels of 30 early childhood student teachers enrolled in a Bachelor of Education program at a university in the United Arab Emirates, using the van Hiele theory of geometric thinking as the analytical framework. Data were collected through a 150-item early geometry terminology test assessing level 1-level 3 (visualization, analysis, and informal deduction). Descriptive statistics revealed that student teachers achieved the highest mean scores at level 1 (mean [M] = 65.2, standard deviation [SD] = 21.8), followed by level 2 (M = 62.9, SD = 14.1), with the lowest performance at level 3 (M = 54.9, SD = 11.2). Performance declined progressively across van Hiele levels, consistent with the hierarchical nature of geometric reasoning. No statistically significant differences were observed across years of study. The findings highlight persistent gaps in higher-order geometric reasoning among prospective early childhood teachers and emphasize the need for sustained, theory-driven instructional interventions in teacher education programs to strengthen early geometry teaching and learning. This study contributes to early geometry and teacher education research by demonstrating the diagnostic value of the van Hiele framework for identifying conceptual gaps that persist across years of study.

License

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Article Type: Research Article

EURASIA J Math Sci Tech Ed, Volume 22, Issue 4, April 2026, Article No: em2809

https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/18154

Publication date: 01 Apr 2026

Online publication date: 18 Mar 2026

Article Views: 10

Article Downloads: 5

Open Access References How to cite this article