Decision-making in contexts of risk and uncertainty: An instrument for secondary education

Andrea Stephanie Vergara-Gómez; Carolina Andrea Henríquez-Rivas

doi:10.29333/ejmste/17175

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Andrea Stephanie Vergara-Gómez ¹ ^* , Carolina Andrea Henríquez-Rivas ¹

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¹ Faculty of Basic Sciences, Center for Research in Mathematics and Statistics Education (CIEMAE), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, CHILE^* Corresponding Author

Abstract

Probability and statistics help us make well-informed decisions in context of risk and uncertainty. These contexts, which are inherent to daily life, range from games of chance to 21^st century current events. However, in the field of mathematics education, research focused specifically on how young people make decisions is nascent. Through an exploratory and descriptive design in six stages, we present the formulation and content validation process of forced-response questionnaire that aims to explore how students in secondary education make decisions in contexts of risk and uncertainty, considering six everyday situations. The process of validation included the participation of six experts in this area, who assessed the content of the instrument in question. The results of the content validity coefficient show an adequate level of agreement among the expert judges, allowing for a validated instrument whose use in the secondary school classroom can contribute to the recognition and characterization of patterns of reasoning for decision-making.

Keywords

probability and statistics
secondary education
questionnaire
daily life
content validation
exploratory design

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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Article Type: Research Article

EURASIA J Math Sci Tech Ed, Volume 21, Issue 10, October 2025, Article No: em2717

https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/17175

Publication date: 01 Oct 2025

Online publication date: 30 Sep 2025

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How to cite this article

APA

Vergara-Gómez, A. S., & Henríquez-Rivas, C. A. (2025). Decision-making in contexts of risk and uncertainty: An instrument for secondary education. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 21(10), em2717. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/17175

Vancouver

Vergara-Gómez AS, Henríquez-Rivas CA. Decision-making in contexts of risk and uncertainty: An instrument for secondary education. EURASIA J Math Sci Tech Ed. 2025;21(10):em2717. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/17175

AMA

Vergara-Gómez AS, Henríquez-Rivas CA. Decision-making in contexts of risk and uncertainty: An instrument for secondary education. EURASIA J Math Sci Tech Ed. 2025;21(10), em2717. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/17175

Chicago

Vergara-Gómez, Andrea Stephanie, and Carolina Andrea Henríquez-Rivas. "Decision-making in contexts of risk and uncertainty: An instrument for secondary education". Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education 2025 21 no. 10 (2025): em2717. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/17175

Harvard

Vergara-Gómez, A. S., and Henríquez-Rivas, C. A. (2025). Decision-making in contexts of risk and uncertainty: An instrument for secondary education. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 21(10), em2717. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/17175

MLA

Vergara-Gómez, Andrea Stephanie et al. "Decision-making in contexts of risk and uncertainty: An instrument for secondary education". Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, vol. 21, no. 10, 2025, em2717. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/17175